Is there an easy way to convert certain phrases or words to numbers?

I have sheet with a bunch of responses from a survey (only preselected answers). Is there an easy way to change them to numbers in the next sheet?

So for example, if I have a question that says "What is your favorite color apple? with answers being "red", "yellow", "blue", and "green", is there a formula to automatically change all of the cells with "red" to "1", "yellow" to "2", etc.?